What must be shown for a valid consent search?

• A. The consent must be voluntary
• B. The consent must be written
• C. Voluntary, informed consent given by someone with authority
• D. Consent must be given by a suspect

Answer: (C)

Consent to search is valid only when it is voluntary and given by someone who has the authority to grant that permission. The person must freely agree, without coercion or manipulation, and they must be the one who legitimately controls or has access to the space or items being searched. The form of the consent doesn’t matter—written or verbal is acceptable as long as it’s voluntary and the person has actual or apparent authority. If consent is forced or the person lacks authority, the search is unconstitutional, even if the person claims to consent.